CRM · Customer Relationship Management
What is a CRM and what belongs in it?
A CRM stores who your customers are and what you agreed with them. The value isn't in the storage but in what comes out of it during a conversation.
In short
A CRM, in full Customer Relationship Management, is the system where you record who your customers and contacts are, what contact you had with them and which agreements are open. It differs from a customer list in keeping history: not just current details, but what was discussed with whom and when.
Which fields do you actually use?
A CRM rarely fails from too few fields. It becomes unusable from too many. Every field someone has to fill is time per contact, and fields nobody reads get half-filled within a month. Half-filled fields are worse than empty ones, because you end up filtering on them by accident.
The test per field is simple: which decision do you make differently when this field is filled? If you can't name that decision, the field doesn't belong.
- Identity
- Name, email, phone number and company. This is what you match an incoming conversation to an existing customer on.
- History
- Every earlier conversation, across all channels. This is the field agents read most often in practice and the one that's rarely set up deliberately.
- Agreements and commitments
- What was promised to this customer, by whom and until when. Without this, you get the situation where the second agent doesn't know the first one's commitment.
- Orders or contracts
- Usually not in the CRM itself but through a connection with your webshop or ERP. What counts is that it's visible on the customer, not where it's stored.
Why a CRM without customer contact runs empty
A CRM agents have to update separately gets updated as long as someone is watching. The moment it gets busy, it's the first thing dropped. That's not a discipline issue: updating gives the person filling it in nothing, and the benefit goes to someone else, later.
A CRM that fills from the work itself does keep up. Every email, chat and call lands on the customer automatically. The agent does their job and the history appears as a by-product.
That's also the sharpest question when choosing a CRM: how much of the content appears by itself, and how much does someone have to type?
Why a sales CRM rarely fits customer service
The well-known CRM systems are built around an opportunity: a deal moving through stages to won or lost. That model fits a sales process, not a customer asking where their parcel is. That question has no stage and no value, only a status and a waiting time.
Teams that try anyway rebuild a pipeline with stages like Waiting on customer and Resolved. It half works: you miss the response timer, the channel connections and reporting by topic. What's left is a list of cards.
When do you have two, and how do you keep that workable?
Many companies have a sales CRM plus a customer view in their service system. That's not a mistake as long as it's clear which system is the source of what. Usually: opportunities and contracts in the CRM, contact history and open questions in the service system.
It goes wrong when both systems edit the same data without an agreed direction. Then you get a customer with two email addresses, two phone numbers and two versions of the answer to whether they're still a customer. Pick a source per field and let the other side read along.
CRM or customer contact system?
| CRM | Customer contact system | |
|---|---|---|
| Centres on | The relationship and the opportunity | The question and its handling |
| Unit of work | Contact, account, deal | Conversation or ticket |
| Time | Stages without a clock | Response time and SLA |
| Channels | Usually email, sometimes calls | Email, chat, phone, social |
| Who uses it daily | Sales and account management | Customer service |
If you sell complex processes with multiple touchpoints, you need a CRM. If you mainly handle questions about orders that already exist, you need a customer view attached to conversations, which is something else. Many teams have both and that's fine, as long as you know per field which system is the source.
Where it goes wrong
Free text fields where a list belongs
A field called Sector where everyone types their own gives you twenty spellings of the same thing. Filtering becomes impossible and nobody notices, because the list isn't empty but unusable.
Duplicate customers from a second email address
If someone orders privately and for work, you get two cards each with half the history. Match on more than email alone and make merging a one-click action.
Notes only the writer understands
"Called, it's fine" doesn't help the next agent. Write down what was agreed and until when it holds, or turn it into a task with a date.
Keeping customer data without a retention period
Personal data you no longer need is a liability under the GDPR, not an asset. Define per data type how long you keep it and make sure deletion is actually possible.
What to do this week
Open five customer cards of customers who had contact last month and see whether you can tell what was agreed last time without searching further. If you can't, that's your first problem, and no extra field fixes it. Then look at which fields are empty on those five cards: nobody fills those any more and they can go.
What this looks like in a system
In Cuego the customer card is the conversation seen from the other side. Every email, chat and call lands on it automatically, together with orders from your webshop, returns, tasks and appointments. An agent opening a conversation sees what happened before without looking anything up. If you already run a CRM, Cuego can use it as a source instead of replacing it.
CRMRelated terms
Customer data
Customer data is everything you know about a customer. During a conversation only a small part of it counts, and that part has to be there within a second.
Read onCustomer Experience
Customer Experience is the sum of every moment a customer deals with you. Customer service is a small part of that, and often the part repairing the rest.
Read onShared inbox
A shared inbox lets a team work in the same mailbox. It works well until questions start running longer than a day.
Read on